Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2003) | Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2003) | |
Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | - |
Age structure | 0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% (2003 est.) |
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Agriculture - products | vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts | - |
Airports | 1 (2002) | - |
Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
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Area | total: 14 sq km
land: 14 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island |
total: 412 sq km
land: 412 sq km water: 0 sq km |
Area - comparative | about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC |
Background | There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William Keeling discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. | These uninhabited, barren, sub-Antarctic islands were transferred from the UK to Australia in 1947. Populated by large numbers of seal and bird species, the islands have been designated a nature preserve. |
Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.) | - |
Budget | revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
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Capital | West Island | - |
Climate | tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year | antarctic |
Coastline | 26 km | 101.9 km |
Constitution | Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 | - |
Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands
conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands |
Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | - |
Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) | - |
Debt - external | $NA | - |
Dependency status | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Department of the Environment and Heritage |
Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of Australia) |
Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of Australia) |
Disputes - international | none | none |
Economic aid - recipient | $NA | - |
Economy - overview | Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. | No indigenous economic activity, but the Australian Government allows limited fishing around the islands. |
Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | - |
Electricity - production | NA kWh | - |
Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
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Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mawson Peak, on Big Ben 2,745 m |
Environment - current issues | fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs | NA |
Ethnic groups | Europeans, Cocos Malays | - |
Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997) | - |
Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator (nonresident) William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
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Exports | $NA | - |
Exports - commodities | copra | - |
Exports - partners | Australia (1999) | - |
Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | - |
Flag description | the flag of Australia is used | the flag of Australia is used |
GDP | purchasing power parity - $NA | - |
GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
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GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $NA | - |
GDP - real growth rate | NA% | - |
Geographic coordinates | 12 30 S, 96 50 E | 53 06 S, 72 31 E |
Geography - note | islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation | - |
Highways | total: 15 km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (2003) |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
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Imports | $NA | - |
Imports - commodities | foodstuffs | - |
Imports - partners | Australia (1999) | - |
Independence | none (territory of Australia) | - |
Industrial production growth rate | NA% | - |
Industries | copra products and tourism | - |
Infant mortality rate | total: NA%
male: NA% female: NA% |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | - |
International organization participation | none | - |
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | - |
Irrigated land | NA sq km | 0 sq km (1998 est.) |
Judicial branch | Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court | - |
Labor force | NA | - |
Labor force - by occupation | the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others | - |
Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
Languages | Malay (Cocos dialect), English | - |
Legal system | based upon the laws of Australia and local laws | the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply |
Legislative branch | unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats) | - |
Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2003 est.) |
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Location | Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka | islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica |
Map references | Southeast Asia | Antarctic Region |
Maritime claims | exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | - |
Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory does have a five-person police force | defense is the responsibility of Australia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols |
National holiday | NA | - |
Nationality | noun: Cocos Islander(s)
adjective: Cocos Islander |
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Natural hazards | cyclone season is October to April | Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island |
Natural resources | fish | fish |
Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) | - |
Political parties and leaders | none | - |
Political pressure groups and leaders | none | - |
Population | 630 (July 2003 est.) | uninhabited (July 2003 est.) |
Population below poverty line | NA% | - |
Population growth rate | 0% (2003 est.) | - |
Ports and harbors | none; lagoon anchorage only | none; offshore anchorage only |
Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (2000) | - |
Railways | 0 km | - |
Religions | Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) | - |
Suffrage | NA | - |
Telephone system | general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system
domestic: NA international: telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 satellite earth station of NA type (2002) |
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Telephones - main lines in use | 287 (1992) | - |
Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | - |
Television broadcast stations | NA | - |
Terrain | flat, low-lying coral atolls | Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky |
Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman (2003 est.) | - |
Unemployment rate | 60% (2000 est.) | - |
Waterways | none | none |